Start up and Configuration/ko

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요약

이 페이지에서는 FreeCAD를 시작하는 다양한 방법과 가장 중요한 구성 기능을 보여줍니다.

명령줄에서 FreeCAD 시작하기

FreeCAD는 데스크탑 아이콘을 두 번 클릭하거나 시작 메뉴에서 선택하여 정상적으로 시작할 수 있지만 명령줄에서 직접 시작할 수도 있습니다.이를 통해 기본 시작 옵션 중 일부를 변경할 수 있습니다.

명령줄 쉘 없이 명령줄 옵션 사용

• Ubuntu에서는 데스크탑 아이콘을 생성하고 해당 속성을 편집할 수 있습니다. "명령" 필드의 프로그램 이름 뒤에 공백으로 구분된 명령줄 옵션을 추가합니다.
• Windows에서는 바로가기를 만들고 속성을 편집합니다. "대상" 필드에 공백으로 구분된 명령줄 옵션을 추가합니다.

명령줄 옵션

명령줄 옵션은 자주 변경됩니다. 따라서 다음을 입력하여 현재 옵션을 확인하는 것이 좋습니다.

FreeCAD --help

 Usage: FreeCAD [options] File1 File2 ...
 
 Allowed options:
 
 Generic options:
   -v [ --version ]          Prints version string
   --verbose                 Prints verbose version string
   -h [ --help ]             Prints help message
   -c [ --console ]          Starts in console mode
   --response-file arg       Can be specified with '@name', too
   --dump-config             Dumps configuration
   --get-config arg          Prints the value of the requested configuration key
   --set-config arg          Sets the value of a configuration key
   --keep-deprecated-paths   If set then config files are kept on the old 
                             location
 
 Configuration:
   -l [ --write-log ]        Writes FreeCAD.log to the user directory.
   --log-file arg            Unlike --write-log this allows logging to an 
                             arbitrary file
   -u [ --user-cfg ] arg     User config file to load/save user settings
   -s [ --system-cfg ] arg   System config file to load/save system settings
   -t [ --run-test ] arg     Run a given test case (use 0 (zero) to run all 
                             tests). If no argument is provided then return list
                             of all available tests.
   -r [ --run-open ] arg     Run a given test case (use 0 (zero) to run all 
                             tests). If no argument is provided then return list
                             of all available tests.  Keeps UI open after 
                             test(s) complete.
   -M [ --module-path ] arg  Additional module paths
   -P [ --python-path ] arg  Additional python paths
   --single-instance         Allow to run a single instance of the application
   --safe-mode               Force enable safe mode
   --pass arg                Ignores the following arguments and pass them 
                             through to be used by a script

다음 표에서는 선택한 옵션에 대해 자세히 설명합니다.

Options can written in two forms: --long-option arg and --long-option=arg.

Response and config files

FreeCAD can read some of these options from a config file. This file must be in the bin path and must be named FreeCAD.cfg. Be aware that options specified in the command line override the config file!

Some operating systems have a very low limit of characters on the command line. The common way to work around those limitations is using response files. A response file is just a configuration file which uses the same syntax as the command line. If the command line specifies a response file, it's loaded and parsed in addition to the command line:

FreeCAD @ResponseFile.txt 

or:

FreeCAD --response-file=ResponseFile.txt

or:

FreeCAD --response-file ResponseFile.txt

Hidden options

There are a couple of options not visible to the user. These options are e.g. the X-Window parameters parsed by the Windows system:

• -display - Sets the X display (default is $DISPLAY).
• -geometry - Sets the client geometry of the first window that is shown.
• -fn or -font - Defines the application font. The font should be specified using an X logical font description.
• -bg or -background - Sets the default background color and an application palette (light and dark shades are calculated).
• -fg or -foreground - Sets the default foreground color.
• -btn or -button - Sets the default button color.
• -name - Sets the application name.
• -title - Sets the application title.
• -visual - Forces the application to use a TrueColor visual on an 8-bit display.
• -ncols - Limits the number of colors allocated in the color cube on an 8-bit display, if the application is using the QApplication::ManyColor color specification. If count is 216 then a 6x6x6 color cube is used (i.e. 6 levels of red, 6 of green, and 6 of blue); for other values, a cube approximately proportional to a 2x3x1 cube is used.
• -cmap - Causes the application to install a private color map on an 8-bit display.

Running FreeCAD without GUI (headless)

FreeCAD is usually built with two executables: a GUI-capable one called FreeCAD or freecad, and a headless one, called FreeCADCmd or freecadcmd. FreeCAD can be used in console mode using the --console switch (which is the default behavior of FreeCADCmd):

FreeCAD --console

In console mode, no graphical user interface will be displayed, and you will be presented with a Python interpreter prompt: >>>. From that prompt, you have the same functionality as the Python interpreter that runs inside the FreeCAD GUI, and access to all modules and plugins of FreeCAD, except the FreeCADGui module. Be aware that modules that depend on FreeCADGui might also be unavailable.

To read more about console or headless mode, refer to Headless FreeCAD.

Running modules, macros and scripts

See Macro at Startup on how to set up a macro to automatically run at FreeCAD startup.

Environment variables

FreeCAD supports the following environment variables, which can be used to configure directories: introduced in version 0.19

If the specified path does not exist, the setting is ignored!

The above environment variables are meant to be used to realize a portable FreeCAD environment. For an example how environment variables can be used from the command line on Linux refer to the notes for Linux users on the downloads page.

HOME

FreeCAD uses Qt, which does honor the HOME environmental variable. Thus, setting HOME can be used to specify the base directory of Qt-related configuration files (.config/FreeCAD/FreeCAD.conf).

FreeCad itself does not honor the HOME environmental variable (because it determines the user's home directory from a lower-level system API). Use FREECAD_USER_HOME for this pupose.

TMPDIR

The default temporary directory is /tmp/. The TMPDIR environmental variable can be used to override the default. (Editor: precedence?).

Libraries

Some libraries need to call system environment variables. Sometimes when there is a problem with a FreeCAD installation, it is because some environment variable is absent or incorrect. Therefore, some important variables get duplicated in the Config and saved in the log file.

Python

• PYTHONPATH
• PYTHONHOME
• TCL_LIBRARY
• TCLLIBPATH

OpenCascade

• CSF_MDTVFontDirectory
• CSF_MDTVTexturesDirectory
• CSF_UnitsDefinition
• CSF_UnitsLexicon
• CSF_StandardDefaults
• CSF_PluginDefaults
• CSF_LANGUAGE
• CSF_SHMessage
• CSF_XCAFDefaults
• CSF_GraphicShr
• CSF_IGESDefaults
• CSF_STEPDefaults

Configuration set

On every startup FreeCAD examines its surrounding and the command line parameters. It builds up a configuration set which holds the essence of the runtime information. This information is later used to determine the place where to save user data or log files. It is also very important for postmortem analyzes. Therefore it is saved in the log file.

User related information

Note: For Linux distributions, an additional configuration file that relates to Qt may exist at path /home/username/.config/FreeCAD/FreeCAD.conf.

Command line arguments

System related

Config var name	Synopsis	Example Windows	Example Linux
AppHomePath	Path where FreeCAD is installed	c:/Progam Files/FreeCAD_0.19	/user/local/FreeCAD_0.19
PythonSearchPath	Holds a list of paths which python search modules. This is at startup can change during execution
AppTempPath	Path of the temporary directory. Can be given with TMPDIR environment variable, or with the Parameter Editor: Tools → Edit parameters... → BaseApp → Preferences → General → TempPath		/tmp/ (default)

Build related information

The table below shows the available information about the Build version. Most of it comes from the Subversion repository. This stuff is needed to exactly rebuild a version!

Branding related

These Config entries are related to the branding mechanism of FreeCAD. See Branding for more details.

Querying the configuration

From FreeCAD's Python console

Entries of the configuration set can be queried with the config var name (see tables above) from the Python console. For example:

 >>> FreeCAD.ConfigGet("ExeVersion")
 '0.19'

If the name is not found, an empty string is returned.

From command line

Use the --get-config <config-var-name> option to query a single name. Not all names are supported. For example:

 FreeCAD --get-config ExeVersion

Use the --dump-config option to get a list of names and their values. Not all names are supported.

From FreeCAD console

Start FreeCAD in console mode with --console and query with Python code. For example:

 $ FreeCAD --console
 [FreeCAD Console mode <Use Ctrl-D (i.e. EOF) to exit.>]
 >>> FreeCAD.ConfigGet("ExeVersion")
 '0.19'
 >>> exit()

For Linux (bash shell) you can modify the following command line to suit your needs:

 $ FreeCAD --console <<EOF
 print( "FREECAD_USER_HOME: " + ( "not set" if ( os.environ.get('FREECAD_USER_HOME') is None ) else os.environ.get('FREECAD_USER_HOME') ) )
 print( "UserHomePath: " + FreeCAD.ConfigGet("UserHomePath") )
 exit()
 EOF

Starting FreeCAD from the desktop

Linux: Creating an additional start option

The following assumes that your desktop is configured such that you can launch FreeCAD from it. Depending on your Linux distribution and desktop environment, you may have to adapt the following steps:

1. Copy the freedesktop entry file for FreeCAD from /usr/share/applications/freecad.desktop to ~/.local/share/applications.
2. Change the name from freecad.desktop to something else (e.g. MyFreeCADConfig.desktop).
3. Open the file with a text editor and change how FreeCAD is invoked by modifying the line starting with Exec.
4. As a result, an additional entry in your start menu/application launcher is available. This way, you can have multiple FreeCAD entries with various launch options.

Starting FreeCAD from a portable USB medium

Windows

Put the FreeCAD executable, FreeCAD.exe, on the USB medium. Create a batch file, FreeCAD.bat, and put it into the same directory as FreeCAD.exe. Inside the batch file write:

set CURRENTDIR=%cd%
set FREECAD_USER_HOME=%CURRENTDIR%
start FreeCAD.exe -u FreeCAD/user.cfg -s FreeCAD/system.cfg --write-log

Or with FREECAD_USER_DATA (see):

set CURRENTDIR="%cd%"
set FREECAD_USER_DATA=%CURRENTDIR%/..
start FreeCAD.exe -u %FREECAD_USER_DATA%/user.cfg -s %FREECAD_USER_DATA%/system.cfg

With the batch in the root of the USB medium:

set CURRENTDIR=%cd%
set FREECAD_USER_DATA=%CURRENTDIR%FreeCAD\
start %cd%FreeCAD\bin\FreeCAD.exe -u %FREECAD_USER_DATA%user.cfg -s %FREECAD_USER_DATA%system.cfg

Now double-click the batch file to start FreeCAD. (see)

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스크립팅과 매크로

Index

User documentation

• Getting started
• Installation: Download, Windows, Linux, Mac, Additional components, Docker, AppImage, Ubuntu Snap
• Basics: About FreeCAD, Interface, Mouse navigation, Selection methods, Object name, Preferences, Workbenches, Document structure, Properties, Help FreeCAD, Donate

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• Help: Tutorials, Video tutorials
• Workbenches: Std Base, Assembly, BIM, CAM, Draft, FEM, Inspection, Material, Mesh, OpenSCAD, Part, PartDesign, Points, Reverse Engineering, Robot, Sketcher, Spreadsheet, Surface, TechDraw, Test Framework

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• Addons: Addon Manager, External workbenches, Scripting and macros

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• Hubs: User hub, Power users hub, Developer hub